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TAB Division

1. General information

[1.1 Scope]

Testing, adjusting and balancing of air conditioning equipment involves testing, adjusting and evaluating all systems to ensure they meet the design objectives. The following items are included in the performance.

  • ① System review and verification
  • ② Noise measurement and analysis
  • ③ Performance measurement and balancing of air distribution systems
  • ④ Functional performance verification of automatic control systems
  • ⑤ Performance measurement and balancing of hydronic distribution systems
  • ⑥ Final inspection and overall adjustment
  • ⑦ Preparation of comprehensive TAB reports
[1.2 Reference Standard]

Korean Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineers, 'Technical Standards for Testing, Adjustment, and Evaluation of Air-Conditioning Equipment'

[1.3 Qualifications of Test, Adjustment, and Evaluation Conductors]

A person who wishes to perform testing, adjustment, and evaluation of air conditioning equipment must be a company that has at least 10 professional personnel, including engineers (including special engineers) in the relevant technical field, and possesses the performance equipment specified in Section 5, Paragraph 2, and has been certified according to the procedures established by the Korean Society of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineers in accordance with the National Technical Qualifications Act.

2. Performance equipment

Equipment used for testing, adjustment and evaluation shall be as follows and shall operate within appropriate tolerances and be periodically calibrated by an accredited calibration laboratory or an institution recognized by the Institute of Air-Conditioning, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers.

[2.1 Common Equipment]

The measurement ranges, tolerances, and calibration cycles for representative equipment commonly used for measuring air and water systems are as shown in the table below.

Common Equipment
equipment Measurement range Tolerance Correction cycle
Rotational speed measuring equipment 0∼5,000 rpm 0±2% 12 months
temperature measuring equipment -40∼50℃ 1/2 range of minimum scale 12 months
(water system) -20∼105℃ 1/2 range of minimum scale 12 months
Temperature Measuring Equipment -10∼50℃ 1/2 range of minimum scale 12 months
(Air system) -20∼105℃ 1/2 range of minimum scale 12 months
electrical measuring equipment 0∼600VAC 3% of the total scale 6 months
0∼100A
0∼30VDC
Sound Level Meter 25∼130dB ±2dB 12 months
[2.2 Air System Equipment]

The measurement range, tolerance, and calibration cycle for representative equipment used for air system measurement are as shown in the table below.

Air System Equipment
equipment Measurement range Tolerance Correction cycle
Air pressure measuring equipment 0∼125Pa
0∼250Pa
0∼1250Pa
0∼4500Pa
0±2% 24 months
Phytotube 1200mm, 1500mm Not applicable Not applicable
wind speed measuring equipment 0.5∼1.5m/s ±10% 12 months
humidity measuring equipment 10∼90%RH 2% high 12 months
Direct reading measuring equipment 0∼2300㎥/h ±5% 12 months
[2.3 Water System Equipment]

The measurement range, tolerance, and calibration cycle for representative equipment used in water system measurement are as shown in the table below.

Water System Equipment
equipment Measurement range Tolerance Correction cycle
temperature measuring equipment
(surface temperature)
-20∼120℃ ±1% of full scale 12 months
pressure measuring equipment 0∼200kPa
0∼400kPa
0∼1400kPa
-760mmHg∼200kPa
-760mmHg∼400kPa
±1% of full scale 12 months
Differential pressure measuring equipment 0∼9kPa ±1% of full scale 12 months
Ultrasonic flow meter 0∼6m/s ±3% of full scale 12 months

3. Execution Procedure

[3.1 Systematic Review]

The performer must be familiar with the entire system of the air conditioning facility so that testing, adjustment, and evaluation can be carried out smoothly by utilizing design drawings, design calculations, and design reference materials related to all air conditioning facilities. The contents include the following:

3.1.1 Preliminary Report

Based on the knowledge of the design drawings and related materials, each system diagram and equipment specifications are prepared in the test, adjustment and evaluation report form.

3.1.2 On-site inspection

Before conducting tests, adjustments and evaluations, each system is checked and inspected on site to ensure that it conforms to the specifications in the construction drawings and equipment manufacturer's specifications.

[3.2 System Performance Measurement and Adjustment]

3.2.1 Air distribution system

Performance measurement and adjustment of the air distribution system includes performance measurement and adjustment of the following items as required.
① Air conditioner ② Blower ③ Air filter ④ Air heat exchanger ⑤ Air conditioner and thermo-hygrostat ⑥ Duct and return equipment

3.2.2 Water distribution system

Performance measurement and adjustment of water distribution systems includes performance measurement and adjustment of the following items:
① Boiler ② Refrigerator ③ Cooling tower ④ Pump ⑤ Heat exchanger ⑥ Cooling coil and heating coil ⑦ Piping and return equipment

3.2.3 Automatic control system and others

The performer verifies the testing, inspection and adjustment of the basic operating functions required for the related devices of the automatic control system.
In addition, the performer measures and evaluates the noise generated by the equipment when the equipment is in operation and when it is not in operation.

[3.3 Evaluation and Report]

3.3.1 Adjustment and Evaluation Items

If the actual measured values ​​of temperature, humidity, and noise deviate from the design values, the operator comprehensively reviews the following items and readjusts them to ensure smooth operation of the entire system before making a final evaluation.
① Air distribution system ② Water distribution system ③ Automatic control system

3.3.2 Comprehensive Report

The composition of the comprehensive report is to be submitted by comprehensively organizing all items as specified in the ‘Technical Standards for Testing, Adjustment, and Evaluation of Air Conditioning Equipment’ published by the Korean Society of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineers, so that it can serve as essential data for future air conditioning equipment operation management.

1. Purpose

The purpose is to ensure that indoor air conditioning systems operate in optimal conditions by measuring whether air conditioning equipment installed in general buildings and industrial facilities is operating as designed using specialized personnel and precision measuring equipment, scientifically identifying the condition, and suggesting adjustments, problems, and solutions, thereby saving energy, providing a comfortable indoor environment, and extending the life of the equipment.

2. Concept

It is a task performed to efficiently operate a building's air conditioning system or indoor environment system, and is broadly defined in three stages.

Concept
T (Testing) A (Adjusting) B (Balancing)
To evaluate the performance of air conditioning systems and equipment, temperature, pressure, rotational speed, electrical characteristics, flow rate, water quantity, and air volume are measured using precision measuring instruments. In normal system operation, the control mechanisms such as dampers and valves are finally set to maximize appropriate performance and efficiency in addition to the automatic control mechanism. Systematically regulates the fluid flow in a system through proper procedures to achieve the design value or given flow rate.

3. Necessity

In advanced countries, the trend has long been to move beyond simple building preservation and incorporate building management into design from the initial stage to minimize operating and maintenance costs. Furthermore, air conditioning equipment, which consumes the most energy, is mandated to undergo a TAB (Test, Adjust, and Balance) upon completion. In Korea, this requirement is also mandated in the "Standard Specifications for Building Mechanical Equipment" established by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation, contributing to energy savings and quality control.

4. Effect

(1) Energy saving
  • ① Supply air distribution imbalance before TAB implementation 0-300% ⇒ Within 10% after implementation
  • ② Air leakage before TAB implementation: 10-35% ⇒ Within 10% after implementation
  • ③ Energy savings of 10-20% achieved after TAB implementation
(2) Creating a comfortable indoor environment

Headache, nausea, dizziness, and fatigue due to lack of ventilation ⇒ Create a sense of comfort

(3) Reduce maintenance costs
  • ① The lifespan of air conditioning equipment before implementation is 3-4 years ⇒ extended to 5-6 years after implementation.
  • ② Reduce maintenance costs by approximately 30% per year.
(4) Accurate DATA

Accuracy of test data is expected by meeting various test conditions.

5. Service Contents

The T.A.B service provider must perform the work as follows and submit the contents to the ordering party.

(1) Preparation of preliminary report

For all air conditioning equipment, a SYSTEM DIAGRAM for each SYSTEM and device must be created, and the DESIGN DATA and PHYSICAL DATA must be organized and reflected in the final report.

(2) Air conditioning SYSTEM REVIEW

Through drawings related to the air conditioning design specifications and on-site inspections, we closely review and analyze problems and modifications from the T.A.B perspective and seek to establish countermeasures.

(3) On-site INSPECTION

Before carrying out T.A.B work, the site is closely examined to determine whether the air and hot and cold water distribution systems, automatic control systems, etc. are consistent with the construction drawings, thereby devising the optimal method for T.A.B work and ensuring perfect construction.

(4) Air distribution system T.A.B work

Using precision measuring equipment, CHECK the wind volume, static pressure, and regulator settings, and perform BALANCING work by adjusting the damper to match the design values.

(5) T.A.B work on cold and hot water distribution system

CHECK the flow rate, pressure, and regulator settings within the hot and cold water distribution system and PIPE and adjust them to match the design values.

(6) Automatic control system

Check the overall status by checking the operating status of control devices and checking the SETTING values.

(7) Noise TEST

CHECK the noise level of the machine room and air conditioning room, and if any abnormalities are found, analyze the cause and suggest solutions, and establish countermeasures in advance for any anticipated issues.

(8) On-site photography

Take pictures of the on-site INSPECTION information, T.A.B work details, and other important details to enable visual identification of the current status.

(9) Writing a FINAL T.A.B REPORT

The contents of the T.A.B work performed on site are written and organized according to a certain format, solutions to problems that arise are suggested, and a complete SYSTEM is established. After that, a booklet containing the contents is printed and presented.

6. Report Writing

The final T.A.B report has three functions and should be used to help improve the quality of future design and construction:

(1) Design evaluation

Since a design is a work born from conception and calculation, a report serves as concrete evidence of whether the design objectives have been achieved. It helps improve design quality by preventing trial and error in future construction design, and it instills confidence in designers when the original design intent is met.

(2) Construction evaluation

It should be data that can detect construction omissions and errors, evaluate construction quality, and prove the performance of the automatic control SYSTEM.

(3) DATA record maintenance
  • ① You can provide the building maintenance manager with the daily operating status of the system and equipment.
  • ② Provide information to the OPERATOR regarding the replacement of equipment parts.
  • ③ It should serve as a reference document for future work (renovation, readjustment, energy use diagnosis).

7. Qualifications of service providers

  • ① The company must be a specialized building T.A.B business with at least 3 years of implementation experience and performance, and must be registered as an engineering activity entity with the Korea Engineering Promotion Association.
  • ② The company must have a T.A.B specialist (engineer) who can verify the accuracy of the submitted data.
  • ③ To ensure fairness in the work, the T.A.B service provider must be a company that does not have a design and construction subcontracting relationship with the relevant construction company.

8. T.A.B ordering period

The T.A.B (Testing, Adjusting and Balancing) task is a process for maintaining the performance of air conditioning systems. In the past, it was focused on testing and adjusting the elements and systems of air conditioning systems to ensure they meet the design purpose by putting them into operation at the time of completion of on-site construction.
Some of the problems in design, construction, and manufacturing discovered during T.A.B implementation have been improved through cause analysis and solutions presented, but a significant portion of them are not being improved even in cases of important functional problems due to inappropriate on-site conditions caused by non-construction.
Having experienced these problems, many clients have recently started ordering T.A.B services early, allowing the T.A.B performers to actively participate in design documents, equipment approval documents, and other technical inspection tasks, thereby providing feedback in advance on many problems discovered during T.A.B execution, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of T.A.B.
Additional benefits of early ordering include:

  • ① Suggestion of expected problems and solutions through review of design documents from the T.A.B perspective
    Example) CHECK the airflow control function - CHECK the damper location, number, type, etc. CHECK the flow distribution function - CHECK the valve type, location, performance, fan and pump pressure-related data - CHECK the noise and vibration prevention measures in the design calculation sheet and drawings, etc.
  • ② Review of on-site construction drawings - TAB-related sections
  • ③ Review of various equipment approval documents and presentation of opinions - applicable to the performance assurance section
  • ④ Duct leakage test attendance
  • ⑤ System construction confirmation and inspection - Applies to TAB-related parts
  • ⑥ Other technical advice

1. Service Manual

A. Purpose of Service

The purpose of this project is to contribute to the efficient operation of energy and the creation of a comfortable indoor environment by testing, adjusting, and balancing the cold and hot water distribution system for air conditioning and the entire air conditioning system.

B. TAB Service Qualifications
  • ① The main business is a building TAB specialty, and it must be a company that has been registered as an engineering activity entity (Ministry of Science and Technology) with more than 3 years of implementation performance and experience, and has experience in carrying out similar construction to the relevant project.
  • ② The selection of TAB service companies shall not be related to the design, production, delivery, and construction of the project in order to maintain the objectivity of the work.
C. Service Details

The T.A.B service company shall perform the following work and submit the details to the construction client.

  • ① Preparation of preliminary report
  • ② AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM REVIEW Through the review of air conditioning design design documents and on-site visits, we will seek to establish countermeasures for technical problems in terms of T.A.B
  • ③ Before performing the on-site INSPECTION TAB work, the entire site should be carefully inspected and whether the air and hot and cold water distribution system, automatic control system, and sound insulation system are consistent with the construction drawings to find the optimal plan to perform T.A.B and guide the perfect construction at the same time.
  • ④ TECHNICAL RIVIEW examines whether the production documents of various equipment (refrigerators, boilers, AHUs, VAVs, etc.) are suitable for the building use and site conditions, and improvement measures are proposed for expected problems.
  • ⑤ Air distribution system T.A.B work CHECK the air volume/static pressure and the POWER of the regulator with a precision measuring device, and BALANCING while adjusting the damper to match the design value.
  • ⑥ Cold and hot water distribution system T.A.B work Measure the flow pressure and regulator POWER in the hot and cold water distribution system and PIPE and adjust it to match the design values.
  • ⑦ Check the operating status of the automatic control system CONTROL devices and check the SETTING value to check the overall condition.
  • ⑧ Noise TEST CHECK the noise status of the indoor space, analyze the cause and propose solutions when abnormal values are found, calculate the expected noise value at the time of departure from the drawing, and establish countermeasures in advance.
  • ⑨ On-site photography Photographs of on-site INSPECTION items, T.A.B tasks, and other major matters can be photographed to grasp the visual status.
  • ⑩ Write and organize the contents of the TAB work at the site of writing the FINAL TAB REPORT according to the 2nd form of the FINAL TAB report, propose solutions to the problems so that a perfect SYSTEM is constructed, and then print and present the booklet recording the contents.

2. How to perform the service

A. General
  • ① This specification applies only to the service of the cooling and heating equipment TAB, and if there is a difference of opinion in the interpretation of matters not specified in this specification, the instructions and interpretation of the supervisor shall be followed.
  • ② Service management
    • The management of the service site should be carried out in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and the surrounding environment such as materials should be organized to prevent fire, theft, and other accidents.
    • Efforts are made to prevent safety and harm so that there is no loss of life, and when the service is over, cleaning and cleaning up are done quickly.
    • The contractor must prepare and submit detailed schedules and other plans before starting construction and obtain approval from the supervisor.
    • Two copies of process photos necessary for process management, progress of services, and other necessary matters must be submitted to the Supervisory Service.
  • ③ Safety management On-site agents and disaster prevention officers must be stationed at the site and perform safety management work diligently according to the instructions of the supervisory authority.
  • ④ Service Completion When the service is completed and the obligations to be performed by the contractor under the contract, such as the submission of all documents, the contractor shall request a completion inspection after receiving confirmation from the Supervisory Service.
B. Special Notes
  • ① Outline This work is to test, adjust, and maintain balance of the equipment to create a comfortable indoor environment through various tests on the air conditioning equipment and the adjustment of fluid flow and air volume as part of the quality control of air conditioning equipment.
  • ② Documents to be submitted
    • As soon as possible after the contract is signed, the T.A.B contractor must submit relevant documents such as the company name, the name of the professional engineer, and the certificate of declaration of the engineering activity entity recognized by the Ministry of Science and Technology to obtain approval from the client.
    • ▶The contractor must submit the T.A.B implementation procedures, drawings, measurement airflow, and employee personal information report form for the air conditioning equipment for review by the Supervisory Service before the start of the T.A.B.
    • ▶The contractor shall report in writing on the progress of the TAB on a monthly basis and submit the final adjusted T.A.B implementation report upon completion of the T.A.B implementation.
  • ③ Enforcement Criteria The implementation of TAB shall be carried out in accordance with the following standards.
    • ▶American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers Ine.
    • ▶Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association.
  • ④ TAB implementation
    • ▶Preliminary Inspection

      Collect various drawings and specifications related to air and water distribution systems, review their contents, and secure the selection of appropriate instruments.

      Checking whether the equipment can be operated safely and normally

      Check the filter cleanliness of the air conditioner

      Duct system cleaning status check

      Check and check whether the fan rotation direction is appropriate

      Inspection of the opening and closing status of fire damper and air volume control damper

      Check the cleaning status of the coil and whether it is deformed

      Inspection of cleaning status, filling and deflating status of various pipes

      Check and check the direction of rotation of various pumps

      Strainer condition check - Check the operating status of major equipment such as refrigerators, air conditioners, cooling towers, boilers, blowers, heat exchangers, etc.

      Cleaning up the surrounding area and other things to check before implementing T.A.B

      Whether the construction status matches the drawings

    • ▶T.A.B General

      For air conditioner inspection, according to the fan inspection items, lubricating oil condition, bolt tension, thickness of rotating body and casing, anti-vibration, motor rotation,

      After checking the filter status, damper status, and air flow status, test adjustment and balancing are performed.

      Inspect the casing leakage and the operating status of various dampers, check and adjust the appropriateness of the doc dimensions and the status of the air flow

      For the inspection of water system equipment and pipeline system, check whether there are any abnormalities in various equipment such as pumps, refrigerators, condensers, and cold water, cooling water, hot water, and steam piping systems, and then check and adjust the entire system.

      Check and adjust whether noise occurs in indoor spaces.

      Check the start-stop device of the air conditioner and fan and check whether there is any electrical energy abnormality for the implementation of T.A.B.

      Check whether the air volume damper and fire damper of the air system are placed in a fully open position.

      Check that all air terminals are installed and in an open position.

      Check the location of the phytotube transfer measurement and check for abnormalities.

      After the completion of architectural structures such as partitions, doors, windows, ceilings, etc., check that all air circulation is normal

      Check and adjust whether the supply, exhaust, and ventilation systems are operating as designed.

      Check whether the automatic control devices in the system are operating properly for the system.

      The suction and discharge static pressure, current and air volume of the fan are measured and recorded, and the drive motor is checked for overload.

      Inspect the air circulation path in each room and check whether the supply and exhaust system is balanced.

      Check the airflow and distribution status at the supply main, submain, and branch mains.

      Without adjusting the terminals, the airflow of each terminal in the system is measured, compared, and reviewed to plan the sequence of branch balancing.

      Start at the terminal farthest from the branch and proceed towards the main branch to adjust the air volume.

      Repeat the air volume control process until the system is balanced.

      Check and adjust the fan air volume and operating status.

      The fan speed does not exceed the maximum allowable speed set by the manufacturer, and the pulley is adjusted so that the drive motor is not overloaded in any driving mode.

      At maximum braking horsepower, the current of the fan drive motor is measured.

      After system balancing, the fan speed, motor voltage, current, and inlet and outlet static pressure are measured and recorded.

      The final rotation speed of the fan is set so that the required air volume comes out at the minimum outside volume state during cooling.

      The static pressure at the outlet of the fan is actually measured by floating an appropriate separation distance from the downstream side of the fan or from the upstream side of the obstruction in the duct.

      Static pressure should not be measured directly through fan outlets, expansion joints, or canvas.

      The air volume should be measured according to the standards of ASHRAE, but the final air volume should be less noise-generated.

      The air flow distribution of the intake is adjusted to ensure proper air distribution without draft phenomenon

      Under the final balanced conditions, the inlet and outlet static pressure of each rotor and the inlet and outlet static pressure of each coil are measured, and the building static pressure is measured with all windows and doors closed.

      Since the air conditioning and the plumbing system of water system equipment are interrelated, they are balanced with an integrated concept.

      For water system equipment, system filling, pipe cleaning status, air removal in the pipe, opening of various valves, cleaning status inside the filter, three-chamber control valve, related piping coil pipe accuracy, cleanliness of coil fan and whether or not there is deformation, pressure gauge, thermometer, etc.

      Check the position, operating status of the automatic control stem, and other requirements.

      The flow rate is checked using a precisely calibrated flow meter for the first and final instrument indicators after balancing.

TAB's Quotation Range

1. TAB Quote Range
  • (1) Preliminary work: drawing review, data collection, preliminary report preparation, on-site inspection, etc.
  • (2) Air distribution system TAB
  • (3) Water distribution system TAB
  • (4) Noise measurement
  • (5) Automatic control check
  • (6) Finishing work
  • (7) Preparation of the final report
2. Quotation Terms (TAB)
  • (1) Client provision: On-site office, electricity, water supply
  • (2) Estimate exclusions: Precise diagnosis of firefighting equipment and sanitary equipment, etc.
  • (3) Payment terms for service fees

    Advance payment: Negotiated after contract

    Ready-made high school: Paid in cash every month in proportion to work performance

    Balance: Paid in cash within 20 days after submission of the final report

3. Service Period

[Post-contract consultation] - (The above scope of work may be changed according to the characteristics of each site)

Apartment heating equipment TAB diagnosis scope of work

1. Preparation
  • (1) Data review

    Related drawings, specifications, equipment specifications and catalogs, load statements, equipment approval charts and technical data

  • (2) Review details

    Understand design intent through review materials

    Recognizing potential problems from a TAB perspective

    Maximum effective performance listening and TAB technique calculation according to design intent

    Field SURVEY for SYSTEM Understanding

    Check various equipment SPECs

    Creating a main piping system diagram to perform TAB

    Preparation of measurement SHEET and filling in design specifications

    Preparation for other TAB

2. Boiler and circulatory system diagnostics
  • (1) Boiler performance test
  • (2) Heat exchanger performance test
  • (3) Performance test of circulation pump
  • (4) Check the flow rate of hot water and measure the pressure distribution by each movement.
  • (5) Representative generation hot water flow meter and thermostat
3. Check the functions of various control devices
  • (1) Functional check of heat exchanger control unit
  • (2) Checking the function of other machine room control devices
4. Create a report
  • (1) Facility status record
  • (2) General matters related to services
  • (3) System Diagram Recording
  • (4) Summary and analysis of service results
  • (5) Measure DATA Organize, analyze, and adjust
5. Other matters
  • (1) Provided by the client

    Guidance on inspections related to heating equipment and business cooperation

    Operator placement required to start and stop boilers and pumps

    Boiler operation log reading light

  • (2) Quotation exclusions

    Excludes plumbing deflating and FLUSHING operations

    Exclusion of intra-household BALANCING

  • (3) Payment of service fees: Negotiated at the time of contract
  • (4) Submit 5 copies of the comprehensive service report within 1 month after the completion of the on-site work.
  • (5) Service period: Consultation after contract (The above scope of work may change according to the characteristics of each site.)

Scope of work of TAB diagnosis of cooling and heating equipment

1. Preparation
  • (1) Data review related drawings, specifications, equipment specifications and catalogs, load statements, equipment approval drawings and technical data
  • (2) Review details

    Understand design intent through review materials

    Review of system appropriateness

    Check various equipment SPECs

    Creating a phytogram to perform diagnostics

2. Heat source and cold water circulation system
  • (1) Performance inspection of equipment
  • (2) Functional inspection of ducts and pipe systems
  • (3) Automatic control system check
  • (4) Operation and management status inspection and other
3. Report Writing
  • (1) Facility status record
  • (2) General matters related to services
  • (3) System Diagram Recording
  • (4) Summary and analysis of service results
  • (5) Measurement DATA Organization, Analysis, and Conclusion
  • (6) Suggest future improvement directions

    Renovation cost and plan proposal

    Creation of duct and piping system diagrams for SYSTEM changes, etc.

4. Other matters
  • (1) Service fee payment: Negotiation at the time of contract
  • (2) Submit 5 copies of the comprehensive service report within 1 month after the completion of on-site work.
  • (3) Service period: Negotiation after contract (The above scope of work may change according to the characteristics of each site.)

1.Service Manual

A. Purpose of Service

The purpose of this project is to contribute to the efficient operation of energy and the creation of a comfortable indoor environment by testing, adjusting, and balancing the cold and hot water distribution system for air conditioning and the entire air conditioning system.

B. T.A.B Service Qualifications

(1) The main industry is a building T.A.B specialty, and it must be a company that has been registered as an engineering activity entity (Ministry of Science and Technology) with more than 5 years of implementation performance and experience, and has experience in carrying out similar construction to the relevant project.
(2) The selection of TAB service companies shall not be related to the design, production, delivery, and construction of the relevant construction in order to maintain the objectivity of the work.

C. Service Details

The TAB service company shall perform the following tasks and submit the contents to the construction client.

  • ① Preparation of preliminary report
  • ② HVAC SYSTEM REVIEW

    Through the review of air conditioning design design documents and on-site visits, measures to be established for technical problems in terms of TAB will be explored.

  • ③ Site INSPECTION

    Before performing the T.A.B work, the site is closely inspected and the air and hot and cold water distribution system, automatic control system, and sound insulation system are investigated to determine whether the air and hot and cold water distribution system, automatic control system, and sound insulation system are consistent with the construction drawings, so as to find the optimal plan for performing TAB and guide the perfect construction at the same time.

  • ④ TECHNICAL RIVIEW

    The production documents of various equipment (refrigerators, boilers, AHUs, VAVs, etc.) are examined to see if they are suitable for the purpose of the building and site conditions, and improvement measures for expected problems are proposed.

  • ⑤ Air distribution system TAB work

    With a precision measuring device, the air volume, static pressure, and POWER CHECK of the regulator are checked, and the damper is adjusted to match the design value.

  • ⑥ Cold and hot water distribution system TAB operation

    Measure the flow pressure and regulator POWER in the cold and hot water distribution system and PIPE, and adjust it to fit the design value.

  • ⑦ Automatic control system

    Check the operating status of the control devices and check the SETTING value to check the overall condition.

  • ⑧ Noise TEST

    CHECK the noise status of the indoor space, analyze the cause and propose solutions when abnormal values are found, calculate the expected noise level of the drawing and leave the city, and establish countermeasures in advance.

  • ⑨ On-site photography

    Take photos of on-site INSPECTION items, TAB tasks, and other items to grasp the visual status.

  • ⑩ Writing the FINAL TAB REPORT

    The contents of the TAB work conducted on site are written and organized according to the Yuhwa 2 form, and solutions to problems are presented to ensure that a perfect SYSTEM is constructed, and then a booklet recording the contents is printed and presented.

2. How to perform services

A. General
  • (1) This specification applies only to the service of cooling and heating equipment TAB, and if there is a difference of opinion in the interpretation of matters not specified in this specification, the instructions and interpretation of the supervisor shall be followed.
  • (2) Service management
    • ① The management of the service site shall be carried out in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and the surrounding environment such as materials shall be organized to prevent fire, theft, and other accidents.
    • ② Efforts are made to prevent safety and harm so that there are no casualties, and cleaning and cleaning up promptly after the service is completed.
    • ③ The contractor shall prepare and submit detailed schedules and other plans before starting construction and obtain approval from the supervisor.
    • ④ Two copies of process photos necessary for process management, a report describing the progress of the service and other necessary matters must be submitted to the Supervisory Service.
  • (3) Safety management

    The on-site agent and disaster prevention officer must be stationed at the site and faithfully perform safety management work according to the instructions of the supervisory authority.

  • (4) Service completion

    When the service is completed and the obligations to be performed by the contractor, such as the submission of various documents, are fulfilled, the completion inspection is requested after receiving confirmation from the supervisory board.

B. Special Notes
  • (1) Overview This work is to test, adjust, and maintain balance of the equipment to create a comfortable indoor environment through various tests on the air conditioning equipment and the adjustment of fluid flow and air volume as part of the quality control of air conditioning equipment.
  • (2) Documents to be submitted
    • ① As soon as the contract is signed, the TAB contractor must submit relevant documents such as the company name, the name of the professional engineer, and the written certificate of engineering activity entity declaration recognized by the Ministry of Science and Technology to obtain approval from the client.
    • ② Before the start of the TAB for air conditioning equipment, the contractor must submit the TAB implementation procedures, drawings, measurement airflow used, and employee personal information report form for review by the Supervisory Service.
    • ③ The contractor shall report the progress of the TAB in writing every month, and submit the final adjusted TAB report when the implementation of the TAB is completed
  • (3) Enforcement Criteria The implementation of TAB shall be carried out in accordance with the following standards.
    • ① American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers Ine.
    • ② Sheet Metaland Air Conditioning Contractors National Association.

3 Implementation of T.A.B

(1) Preliminary inspection
  • ① Collect data such as drawings and specifications related to air and water distribution systems, review the contents, and secure the selection of appropriate instruments.
  • ② Check whether the equipment is safe and can operate normally
  • ③ Check the filter cleanliness of the air conditioner
  • ④ Check the cleaning status of the duct system
  • ⑤ Check and confirm whether the rotation direction of the fan is appropriate
  • ⑥ Check the opening and closing status of fire damper and air volume control damper
  • ⑦ Check the cleaning status of the coil and whether it is deformed
  • ⑧ Inspection of the cleaning status, filling and deflating status of various pipes
  • ⑨ Checking and confirming the rotation direction of various pumps
  • ⑩ Strainer condition check
  • ⑪ Checking the operating status of major equipment such as refrigerators, air conditioners, cooling towers, boilers, blowers, and heat exchangers.
  • ⑫ Cleaning and cleaning of the surrounding area and other things to be checked before implementing TAB
  • ⑬ Whether the construction status is consistent with the drawing.
(2) T.A.B General
    • For air conditioner inspection, check the lubricating oil condition, bolt tension, spacing between the rotating body and the casing, anti-vibration motor rotation, filter condition, damper condition, and air flow status according to the fan inspection items, and then test adjust and balance.

      Inspect the casing leakage and various dampers for operation, check and adjust the appropriateness of the doc dimensions and the status of the air flow.

      For the inspection of water system equipment and pipe system, various facilities such as pumps, refrigerators, condensers, and cold water, cooling water, hot water, and steam piping systems are inspected for abnormalities, and then the entire system system is inspected and adjusted.

      Check and adjust whether noise occurs in indoor spaces.

      Check the start-stop device of the air conditioner and fan and check whether there is an abnormality in the electrical energy for the implementation of the TAB.

      Check whether the air volume damper and fire damper of the air system are placed in a fully open position.

      Check that all air terminals are installed and in an open position.

      Check the location of the phytotube transfer measurement and check for abnormalities.

      After the completion of the building structure such as partitions, doors, windows, ceilings, etc., check whether all air circulation is normal.

      Check and adjust whether the supply, exhaust, and ventilation systems are operating as designed.

      Check whether the automatic control devices in the system are operating properly for the system.

      The suction static pressure, discharge static pressure, current and air volume of the fan are measured and recorded, and the drive motor is checked for overload.

      The air circulation path of each chamber is inspected and the balance of the supply and exhaust system is checked.

      Check the air flow and distribution status at the main infeed, sub-main, and branch mains.

      Without adjusting the terminals, the airflow of each terminal in the system is measured, compared, and reviewed to plan the sequence of branch balancing.

      Start at the terminal farthest from the branch and proceed towards the main branch to adjust the air volume.

      The air volume adjustment process is repeated until the system is balanced.

      Check and adjust the fan air volume and operating status.

      The fan speed does not exceed the maximum allowable speed set by the manufacturer, and the pulley is adjusted so that the drive motor is not overloaded in any driving mode.

      At maximum braking horsepower, the current of the fan drive motor is measured.

      After system balancing, the fan speed, motor voltage, current, and inlet and outlet static pressure are measured and recorded.

      The final rotation speed of the fan is set so that the required air volume comes out at the minimum outside volume state when cooling.

      The static pressure at the fan outlet is actually measured by floating an appropriate separation distance from the downstream side of the fan or from the upstream side of the obstacle in the duct.

      Static pressure should not be measured directly through the fan outlet, expansion joint, or canvas.

      The air volume should be measured according to the standards of NEBB or AABC, but the final air volume should be less noise-generated.

      The airflow distribution of the intake is adjusted to ensure proper air distribution without draft phenomenon

      Under the final balanced conditions, the inlet and outlet static pressure of each filter and the inlet and outlet static pressure of each coil are measured, and the building static pressure is measured with all windows and doors closed.

      Since the plumbing system of air conditioning and water system equipment are interrelated, they should be balanced as an integrated concept.

      For water system equipment, check the system filling, pipe cleaning status, air removal in the pipe, opening of various valves, cleaning status inside the filter, three-way control valve, related piping coil piping accuracy, cleanliness and deformation of coil fans, position of instruments such as pressure gauges and guides, operating status of automatic control system stems, and other necessary items.

      For flow rate, use a precisely calibrated flow meter to check the initial and final gauge indicators after balancing.

(3) TAB implementation phase 1
  • ① Air Distribution System

    Fan testing and adjustments to design values

    Current testing and recording of motors for various filters

    The PITTOT TUBE is penetrated into the main doc to measure the amount of air per hour with the filter 50% contaminated

    Outside air volume tested and adjusted as designed.

    Recirculating air volume tested and adjusted as designed.

    Test and record the inlet and outlet temperatures of air for cooling and heating.

    Test and record the flow air temperature of the reheating coil with the valve fully open.

    Air volume in all areas is adjusted as designed.

    Test diffusers, grilles, and registers and adjust them to close to design requirements If more than 4 appliances are operated for a space, test each appliance and adjust it to a difference of within 10% of the design requirements.

    Diffusers, grilles, and registers must be marked with their location and area.

    Diffusers, grills, registers or all equipment tested are recorded in specification, shape, quantity and manufacturer.

    Inspection and testing of diffusers, grilles, and registers include design wind speed and air volume and test results

    Cooperate with the technicians of the control manufacturer to adjust the various automatic operation regulators to operate as specified

    Test the pressure gauge of the filter and fix the tap in the state where the pressure drop is maximum.

  • ② Water system

    Prepare a water system to balance it in the following way.

    Open all valves except those that should be closed normally during water system operation

    Check the cleanliness of all filters before testing

    Check whether the water used in the system is clean.

    Check the individual and combined operating status of the pump

    Check the expansion tank to check the air content or the amount of water in the system

    Check whether air is discharged from the top of the system and check the operating status of the relevant equipment. (Check the manual airband installed in the hydro system, make sure there is no air in the system before operation)

    Secure the thermostat to ensure that all cooling coils are completely cooled. The same measures are taken to ensure complete heating during heating.

    Cooperate with the engineers of the temperature control manufacturing company to check and fix the cold and hot water to the design requirements.

    Complete air balancing must be performed before balancing the water (hydro system)

(4) TAB procedure step 2

After completing the first step of the work, perform the second step as follows.

    • The flow rate of the hot and cold water pump is fixed according to the design requirements.

      Adjust the flow rate of CHILLED WATER.

      Adjusting the flow rate through the heat exchanger, radiator and reheater coils

      Check the water supply temperature and return temperature of the heat exchanger and readjust it to the required temperature of the design.

      Check the inlet water temperature of the cooling coil and heating coil and record the deviation from the temperature at the heat source.

      Balancing and adjusting each cooling and heating coil.

      When a 3-WAY valve is installed, the bypass flow rate is adjusted to equal the circulation rate of the coil or heat exchanger.

      After the flow measurement and adjustment of the coil is completed, all adjustment values are displayed and the data is recorded.

(5) TAB Procedure Step 3

After the T.A.B work in steps 1 and 2, perform the 3rd step as follows.

After the adjustment of the coil is completed, the adjustment of the pump and heat exchanger is checked and readjusted if necessary.

The pressure drop of the coil is measured by means of a pressure gauge to the required flow rate when cooling and heating the coil.

Adjust the valve in the same way for cooling water balancing.

Record and check the following points for cooling and heating basic elements.

  • INLET water temperature
  • OUTLET water temperature
  • Pressure drop of the coil
  • Pressure drop when passing through a valve
  • Measurement of suction and discharge pressure and final discharge pressure during pump operation
  • Motor amperage rating when pump is running
  • Check the flow meter
  • Check the drop in pressure through the steam control valve when all steam heat dissipation equipment is opened.
  • Cooperate with the technicians of the automatic regulator manufacturer to check and adjust the temperature and humidity of the air supply system.
  • The air temperature test in step 1, such as the TAB procedure, should be repeatedly carried out and recorded according to step 3.

(6) Final inspection, adjustment and report

All systems are to be clearly marked with the adjusted positions of all balancing valves, air dampers and regulators after the final inspection for permanent reference for maintenance, and a final adjusted TAB implementation comprehensive report is submitted with the assurance of NEBB or AABC.

  • ① The service must submit the TAB result report before the final inspection.
  • ② The contractor must submit the final TAB inspection plan and cooperate closely with the client (supervisor) for the final inspection.
  • ③ All systems must be in operation at the time of the final inspection. The energy required for system operation shall be provided by the building owner.
  • ④ During the final inspection, the service provider shall perform the following tests in parallel.

    Noise Test

    Indoor heating and cooling temperature and humidity measurement

  • ⑤ Matters to be included in the measurement record sheet - (At least the following items must be specified in the measurement record sheet)

    Air Distribution System

    Site name and measurement date

    Equipment number and installation location

    Capacity and design value listed on the equipment nameplate

    Fan Static Pressure

    Fan Rotation and Motor Rotation

    Voltage and current of the motor

    Differential pressure between various filters, coils and dampers

    Temperature of air supply, ventilation and outside air

    Temperature of the wet and dry bulb before and after the coil

    Main air volume

    Outdoor air volume

    Quarter air volume

    Service Area

    Water Distribution System

    Site name and measurement date

    Equipment number and installation location

    Voltage and current of the motor

    Suction and discharge pressure of the pump

    Pump Flow

    Pump speed

    Related equipment inlet and outlet temperature

    Circulation of coils and related equipment

    Related Equipment Inlet and Outlet Pressure

    Noise

    Site name and measurement date

    Measurement Position

    Dark Noise Level

    Noise level when driving

    Noise level at rest

(7) TAB Comprehensive Report

  • ① Business purpose
  • ② Business details
  • ③ Building overview and function
  • ④ Service period and schedule
  • ⑤ Service Organization
  • ⑥ Summary and analysis of results
  • ⑦ Outline of facility design
  • ⑧ Measurement range method and results
  • ⑨ Problems and special features
  • ⑩ Measurement record sheet

Overview

Commissioning can be said to be a verification work to ensure that the performance of the building desired by the owner is actually realized.
In the case of existing CM, process management, contract management, and quality control have been carried out, but in the case of quality control, it was possible to verify the visible things to build the building according to the design drawings, but problems have arisen due to the lack of management plan and lack of expertise in the invisible performance part.
Therefore, it was difficult to verify whether the actual reflected systems were performing properly or whether the performance was implemented as intended, and even if problems were found, it was difficult to clarify whether they were responsible for whether it was a problem with the delivered materials or a problem with design/construction, so it was impossible to request a grounded guarantee.
In response to these problems, a systematic procedure called commissioning is introduced to establish a system for quality management related to performance, and it is a task to reflect the requirements related to performance that the owner truly wants in the actual building.

Effects

1) Advantages of the owner

The system performance is secured according to the owner's intention.

By systematically and efficiently managing the construction process such as planning, design, construction, and commissioning, unnecessary additional construction costs due to unreasonable design or construction that appear during the construction process can be reduced.

By selecting highly efficient systems and equipment and improving operating technology, energy costs and operating costs can be reduced.

Information on the system's operation management methods is continuously modified and supplemented, so that operation and maintenance can be carried out efficiently.

By systematizing construction-related information through the implementation of commissioning procedures, the knowledge of operation and maintenance managers necessary to operate the system can be improved.

You will be provided with a system manual that can facilitate the operation and maintenance of equipment and systems.

Effective diagnosis of equipment and system failures can reduce the frequency of failures.

By improving the indoor environmental conditions of the living space, it is possible to provide benefits to the tenants of the building by providing a comfortable working environment, improving work productivity, and reducing complaints from occupants about indoor air quality.

2) Designer's Advantage

Ensure that the various facilities and systems of the building meet the requirements of the owner.

Unsuitable designs can be improved before completion to reduce defect factors.

Through the performance evaluation workshop, future design data can be accumulated.

By collecting opinions from participants in each field, it is possible to set an efficient design direction.

Through consultation and coordination during the project execution period, it is possible to reduce confusion in the construction process due to unsuitable design.

3) Advantages of the constructor

Through commissioning, efficient construction plans can be established.

Efficient construction management can be achieved through business cooperation between other processes.

Through a systematic implementation process, it is possible to improve the quality of construction.

After the completion of construction, problems and defects can be reduced.

Driving-related defects can be reduced through driving manager training.

Duties and Content

1) Pre-design commissioning (if included in the scope of commissioning work)

Defining Commissioning Tasks

Development of building owner requirements

Develop a preliminary commissioning plan

Development of system manual configuration requirements

2) Design stage commissioning (if included in the scope of commissioning work)

Developing or revising and supplementing commissioning plans

Problem record development or revision and supplementation

Design Kickoff Meeting

Review of the basic design document

Revision and Supplementation of Owner's Requirements

Development and revision of basic design data

Review of basic design data

Specification and drawing review at the time of completion of the implementation design

Regulations on training requirements for drivers

Development of commissioning specifications

Pre-bid meeting

3) Commissioning of construction stage

Construction Kickoff Meeting

Develop a commissioning schedule

Review of construction plans and approval letters

Revision and Supplementation of Problem Records

Commissioning Plan Revision and Supplementation

Revision and supplementation of building owner's requirements and basic design data

On-site inspection of systems and equipment

On-site inspection of control systems and equipment

Development of preliminary performance test checklist for air conditioning equipment

Conducting preliminary performance tests and inspections of air conditioning equipment

Development of air-conditioning equipment preliminary performance test equipment maneuver test checklist

Preliminary performance test equipment maneuvering test conducted and recorded

Development of automatic control preliminary performance test installation checklist

Conducting and recording automatic control preliminary performance tests

Conducting and recording static tests

Automatic Control Preliminary Performance Contact Test Checklist Record

Automatic control preliminary performance contact test inspection

4) Commissioning of the completion stage

Development of performance confirmation test checklist

Conducting and documenting performance validation tests

Attendance of performance confirmation test

Approval of performance verification test results

Perform TAB report validation

Writing Maintenance Instructions

Review the maintenance instructions

Developing Training Schedules

Supporting Contractors in Developing Educational Agenda

Revision and Supplementation of Problem Records

Revision and Supplementation of Owner's Requirements

Revision and Supplementation of Design Basic Data

Driver Training Documentation

Developing a Final Commissioning Report

Final System Manual Development

5) Post-completion commissioning

Development of a checklist for future performance confirmation tests

Conducting and documenting performance confirmation tests at a later date

Performance Confirmation Test Functional Check

Approval of performance test results at a later date

Post-completion visits and documentation

Commissioning Report Appendix Development

Revision and Supplementation of Problem Records

Conduct performance evaluation workshops

T.A.B Glossary

1) Owner's requirements

A document detailing the goals for the use of the building and facilities and the requirements required for the building. This includes business objectives, quantitative performance standards, budget requirements, benchmarks, standard models, and supporting information.

2) (Operational Performance Testing : OPT)

Testing to ensure that a system or component is operating as intended by the manufacturer or constructor prior to automatic operation

3) (Field Installation Verification : FIV)

Inspecting or observing whether a system or component is installed in accordance with the contract and industry best practices.

4) (Functional Performance Testing : FPT)

The test conducted to prove the functionality of a system or component is called a performance confirmation test. Performance confirmation tests shall be conducted after all preliminary performance tests have been completed.

5) System Manual

Documents containing data on the entire system, including system operation information required by the building operation manager

6) Examination Coordination and Evaluation (TAB)

Systematic processes or services such as testing and adjustment to ensure that air and water flow balance is maintained in air conditioning equipment or other environmental systems. The TAB implementation procedure is shown in the TAB technical standards of the Korean Society of Facility Engineers.

7) Preliminary performance test

Inspections or tests conducted before performance confirmation tests. Preliminary performance tests include installation verification tests, static tests, and maneuvering tests of systems and components.

8) Test Verification

Given inspection or test in static condition, such as hydraulic test and duct leak test etc. Static tests may also be specified in specifications or guidelines.

9) Follow-up exams

Tests that cannot be completed at the end of the as-built phase due to external conditions, process problems, or any problems in the normal as-built phase test.